Parliamentary vs Presidential form of government.
Which one is better?Â
Parliamentary form of governmentÂ
• Parliamentary form of government represents a governance of democratic system of a country; in which the executive branch is derived from the legislative body, i.e., the Parliament.Â
• The executive is divided into two parts, the Head of the State, i.e., President, who is only executive and the Head of the Government, i.e., Prime Minister, who is the real executive.Â
Pros and cons of Parliamentary form of governmentÂ
Merits:Â
• Coordination between executive and the legislature
• Prevents authoritarianismÂ
• Responsible government
• Representing diverse groupsÂ
• FlexibilityÂ
• Ultimate sovereignty of peopleÂ
• Greater accountabilityÂ
• Responsiveness and promptness of actionÂ
Demerits:Â
• No separation of powersÂ
• May designate unqualified legislatorsÂ
• Instability
• May restrain prompt decision-makingÂ
• Party politicsÂ
• Control by the bureaucracy
• Inefficient administrationÂ
• Monopolization of political powerÂ
Successful Parliamentary Systems in the WorldÂ
Parliamentary system Parliamentary system with a President: with a Monarch:Â
• Pakistan
• India
• BangladeshÂ
• South AfricaÂ
• United KingdomÂ
• ThailandÂ
• DenmarkÂ
• NorwayÂ
Presidential form of governmentÂ
• When a country follows the Presidential form of government, it implies that there is only one person as the head of the state and government, i.e., the President.Â
• President is elected, without an intermediary, by the citizens or sometimes by the members of the Electoral College for a fixed period.Â
Pros and Cons of Presidential form of governmentÂ
Merits:
 • Less influence of partyÂ
 • Separation of powersÂ
• StabilityÂ
Demerits:Â
• Less responsible executiveÂ
• Deadlocks between executive and legislatureÂ
• Rigidity in governanceÂ
• President's sweeping powersÂ
Successful Presidential Systems in the WorldÂ
• The United States has an exemplary presidential system. The successive presidential system in the US is no secret; US governmental structure that made it a superpower in the world despite being a former colony of Britain which is a parliamentary democracy.Â
• Other countries following the presidential system include Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Zimbabwe.Â
Is One Better than the Other?Â
• Both forms of government are organized in such a way that they both have different strengths. Due to the vote of no-confidence, it is easy to end tenure of a Prime Minister within a parliamentary system. Meanwhile, it is much harder to end a president period. Â
• However, Prime Ministers are dependent on the legislature for passing the law. However; presidents are completely independent of their legislative branches. They have power to make decisions that they believe are best in the nation's interest without the influence of outside parties.Â
NutshellÂ
Despite all the differences between the parliamentary and the presidential systems, it is ultimately the members of a nation who hold power. By voting, citizens can express their voice and effect change in their country, irrespective of the system of government.
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